WORLD WAR II – JAPANESE OCCUPATION
Liberation and Independence
(The Beginning of the Worst for Us)
Ang Kaawa-awang Lahi
The Japanese launched a surprise attack on December
8, 1941 on Clark Air Base in Pampanga, landed its troops on Luzon on
December 9, 1941, ten hours after the attack.
Defending the Philippines, the United State troops and Filipino Army
under the command of General Douglas MacArthur withdraw to Bataan and
Corregidor.
Bataan surrendered on April and Corregidor on May 1942. The 80,000 prisoners
of war captured by the Japanese at Bataan was forced to undertake the
infamous Bataan Death March to a prison camp 150 kms to the north. It
is estimated that the death toll reached 10,000 Filipino soldiers and
1,200 Americans before reaching their destination in Tarlac.
Unthinkable atrocities was committed by beheading and bayoneting of
prisoners.
1. The defending US and Philippine Army
2. The Japanese entrance to Manila
3. Japanese beheading American prisoner
4. Bayoneting American soldier
5. Bataan surrenders its Army
6. The Infamous Death March
7. Corregidor surrenders Malinta Tunnel
8. Japanese celebrate victory at Corregidor
The Japanese immediately established a Puppet Government
and declared in October the Philippine as an Independent Republic in
1943 headed by President Jose P. Laurel.
The Philippine Army continued its guerilla war with the Japanese and
was very effective that the Japanese controlled only 12 of the 48 Provinces
in the Philippines.
The major element of resistance in Central Luzon was furnished by the
Hukbalahaps called HUKS or Hukbong ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon with 30,000
fighters in Luzon.
9. President Jose P. Laurel
10. Filipino Guerilla fighters
11. Japs massacre POW’s
12. Civilian massacred in Manila
The Japanese occupation of the Philippines is from December
1941 to October 1944
.MacArthur landed on Leyte on October 20, 1944 and liberated the Philippines.
Elections were held in April 1946 and Manuel Roxas was elected First
President
of the Independent Republic of the Phillipines and was sworned on July
4, 1946.
13. MacArthur returns
14. Americans landed on Leyte
15. Destruction of the City of Manila
15a.
16. American casualties in Leyte
17. American tank enters Manila
18. The Japanese surrender
Giving the Philippines its full Independence from American
colonial rule,
paved the way for the “Illustrados and Political Elites”
to manage the countries affairs.
True to what was the American assessment that Filipinos are not ready
to govern themselves because of “GREED AND CORRUPTIONS”
among the elected officials,
that was exactly what happened and transpired from the beginning up
to now.
President Manuel Roxas
19. President Manuel Roxas died in 1948
Last President
Philippine Commonwealth
May 28, 1946 - July 4, 1946
First President
Third Philippine Republic
July 4, 1946 - April 15, 1948
"Our noble aspirations for nationhood, long cherished
and arduously contended for by our people, will be realized."
Manuel Roxas was born on January 1, 1892 in Capiz province.
He finished his primary education in his hometown and his secondary
education in Manila High School. He graduated with a Bachelor of Laws
in the University of the Philippines previously named as YMCA law school
and topped the bar exams.
Before he started his political career, he worked for
Chief Justice Cayetano Arellano as his private secretary and taught
law in the Philippine Law School. He had held positions such as municipal
councilor, governor, congressman, senator and senate president, and
a cabinet member. Approximately 27 years had passed since he started
serving the government before he became president. He was the only president
of Ilonggo ethnicity.
As House Speaker, he, together with Sergio Osme?a, was
responsible for securing the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Law from the United
States which states the granting of Philippine Independence for ten
years. During his time World War II broke out and he joined the army.
He was assistant to General Douglas MacArthur. After the war, he ran
for president and won.
Among the major decisions he made as president were
the approval of United States of America-Republic of the Philippines
Military Assistance Pact for U.S. continued control over Philippine
armed forces thru JUSMAG, and the passing of the Agricultural Tenancy
Act.
His administration lasted for only two years. He died
of heart attack at Clark Field, Pampanga in April 15, 1948.
The 14 Presidents that Ruled our Country
Fifth
Philippine Republic |
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GLORIA
MACAPAGAL-ARROYO
http://www.op.gov.ph
(Born- April 5, 1947)
Fourth President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines
(Term- 2001 - Present)
The daughter of the late President Diosdado Macapagal. The second
woman to be swept into the Presidency by a peaceful People Power
revolution (EDSA II).
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JOSEPH
ESTRADA
(Born- April 19,1937)
Third President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines
(Term- 1998 - 2001)
Filipino film actor and director, later politician. He resigned
after the impeachment trial against him collapsed.
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FIDEL
RAMOS
(Born- March 18, 1928)
Second President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines
(Term- June 30, 1992 - June 30, 1998)
As head of the State, his administration centerpiece program
is the Philippines 2000, which aimed to uplift the Philippines
as a newly industrialized country by the year 2000.
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CORAZON
AQUINO
(Born- January 25, 1933)
First President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines
(Term: February 25, 1986- June 30, 1992)
Political leader and the First Woman President of the Philippines.
She succeeded her murdered husband, Benigno "Ninoy"
Aquino Jr.(a popular critic of the Marcos administration), as
leader of the opposition to President Ferdinand Marcos.
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Fourth
Philippine Republic |
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FERDINAND
MARCOS
(Born- September 11, 1917, Died- September 28, 1989)
Sixth and last President of the Third Republic of the Philippines
(Term: December 30, 1965- December 30, 1973)
President of the Fourth Republic of the Philippines
(Term: June 30, 1981 - February 25,1986)
Philippine lawyer and politician who ruled by martial law and
was ousted by a peaceful People Power Revolution in 1986.
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DIOSDADO
MACAPAGAL
http://www.macapagal.com/dm/
Fifth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines
(Term: December 30, 1961 - December 30, 1965)
Poet, politician, lawyer, diplomat, statesman, economist, and
intellectual. Diosdado Macapagal was born to poverty but rose
due to diligence and brilliance.
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CARLOS
GARCIA
(Born- November 4, 1896, died- June 14, 1971)
Fourth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines
(Term: March 18, 1957- December 30, 1961)
Famous for his austerity program and policy. He maintained the
strong tradition ties with the United States and sought closer
relation with non-communist Asian countries.
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RAMON
MAGSAYSAY
(Born- August 31, 1907, died- March 17, 1957)
Third President of the Third Republic of the Philippines
(Term: December 30, 1953- March 17, 1957)
Best known for successfully defeating the communist led Hukbalahap
(Huk) Movement. Idol of the masses, champion of democracy, and
freedom fighter.
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ELPIDIO
QUIRINO
(Born- November 16, 1890, died- February 28, 1956)
Second President, Third Republic of the Philippines
(Term: April 17, 1948- November 10, 1953)
Political leader and second president of the Independence Republic
of the Philippines.
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MANUEL
ROXAS
(Born- January 1, 1892, died- April 15, 1948)
Last President of the Commonwealth
(Term: May 28, 1946- July 4, 1946)
First President of the Third Republic of the Philippines
(Term: July 4, 1946- April 15, 1948)
Political leader and first president of the Independence Republic
of the Philippines.
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Second
Philippine Republic |
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JOSE
LAUREL
(Born- March 9, 1891, died- November 6, 1959)
President of the Japanese Sponsored Republic
(Term: October 14, 1943- August 15, 1945)
Became the President of the Philippines during the Japanese occupation
of World War II.
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SERGIO
OSMENA
(Born- September 9, 1878, died- October 19, 1961)
Second President of the Commonwealth
(Term: August 1, 1944- May 27, 1946)
Filipino statesman, founder of the Nationalist Party (Partido
Nacionalista) and President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946.
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MANUEL
QUEZON
(Born- August 19, 1878, died- August 1, 1944)
First President of the Commonwealth
(Term: November 15, 1935- August 1, 1944)
Filipino statesman, leader of the independence movement, and
first president of the Philippine Commonwealth established under
United States tutelage in 1935.
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First
Philippine Republic |
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EMILIO
AGUINALDO
(Born- March 22, 1869, died- February 6, 1964)
President of the First Philippine Republic
(Term: 1898- 1901)
Filipino leader who fought first against Spain and later against
the United States for the Independence of the Philippines.
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20. The 14 Presidents that ruled our country
21. Palubog ang aking Bansa
22. Bigyan natin KINABUKASAN ang Bansa
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